Introduction.
andLinux is a complete Ubuntu Linux system running seamlessly in Windows 2000 based systems (2000, XP, 2003, Vista, 7; 32-bit versions only). This project was started for Dynamism for the GP2X community, but its userbase far exceeds its original design. andLinux is free and will remain so, but donations are greatly needed.
andLinux uses coLinux as its core which is confusing for many people. coLinux is a port of the Linux kernel to Windows. Although this technology is a bit like running Linux in a virtual machine, coLinux differs itself by being more of a merger of Windows and the Linux kernel and not an emulated PC, making it more efficient. Xming is used as X server and PulseAudio as sound server.
andLinux is not just for development and runs almost all Linux applications without modification.
Screenshot (click to enlarge)
To start Linux applications, you may either use the XFCE Panel:
Or, you may choose to use the andLinux Launcher, which ships with andLinux since Beta 1. It consists of:
Windows konsole
KDE on Cygwin is the port of Qt and KDE to Windows using Cygwin, the POSIX emulation layer for Windows, and the Cygwin XFree86 server.
We think that KDE is a great desktop and has the opportunity to be a big player in the 'desktop environment' area. One of the main reasons for this is because of the famous Qt library, which is designed to be very platform independent and has already been ported to many operating systems. Hence porting KDE applications from one UNIX derived operating system to another is relatively painless. The one operating system this doesn't hold true for is Windows.
Windows is the OS of choice for many companies. How does this square with the promotion of KDE? The answer is simple: build something that allows KDE applications to run atop Windows. This is the goal we are aiming for with this project.
Currently Qt 1.45, 2.3.1, 3.0.4, 3.1.1, 3.2.3 and KDE 1.45, 2.2.2, 3.1.1 and 3.1.4 have been ported and are of beta quality.
This project has stopped active development to be free for the native KDE 4 port on Windows.
You may visit one of the following links to get more informations about the port:
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Here’s the cold, hard truth about Linux: the terminal is not going to become obsolete anytime soon, no matter how much you dislike it.
Beginner-friendly distributions like Ubuntu and Linux Mint Is Linux Mint 17 "Qiana" The Ubuntu Killer? Is Linux Mint 17 "Qiana" The Ubuntu Killer? The latest version of Linux Mint, the 17th release codenamed "Qiana", is out! It's a great alternative for people leaving Windows as well as those who just don't quite like Ubuntu. Read More will rarely (if ever) require you to open the terminal emulator, yet they still include it as one of the default applications. After all, the terminal is a constituent part of Linux history Penguin Origins: The History of Linux [Geek History] Penguin Origins: The History of Linux [Geek History] There's virtually no place you can go without being in contact with Linux - it powers everything from regular computers to the most powerful servers to our handheld mobile devices. Most people who aren't techies. Read More , and the concept of command-line utilities is woven into the Unix philosophy. Instead of resisting and avoiding it, why not embrace the terminal and learn how to use it?
If you’re ready to take that step, Konsole is a good starter tool. It’s the default terminal emulator on KDE and ships with every KDE distribution, but you can install it anywhere if you don’t mind the dependencies.
Konsole is a well-balanced application that lets users customize it through dialogs and menus. This is great for beginners who don’t want to edit configuration files just to change the text color, as is necessary with other, usually lightweight terminal emulators. At the same time, advanced users won’t feel slighted when using Konsole because nearly every aspect of the application can be controlled and modified. This guide will showcase the features that make Konsole powerful and teach you how to adapt them to your needs.
A Bit of Motivation.
Before we get acquainted with Konsole, I’d like to motivate those who are still not sold on the idea of using the terminal.
Yes, I understand it might feel intimidating How to Get Over Your Fear of Failing at Linux How to Get Over Your Fear of Failing at Linux Do you have questions about switching to the world of Linux? If you read this from start to finish, you'll have plenty of answers and tips to succeed at Linux. Read More if you’ve never used anything like it before. We’ve all been beginners at some point. Besides, the risk of breaking your Linux system with commands 9 Lethal Linux Commands You Should Never Run 9 Lethal Linux Commands You Should Never Run You should never run a Linux command unless you know exactly what it does. Here are some of the deadliest Linux commands that you'll, for the most part, want to avoid. Read More is real, especially if you use them without knowing what they do.
However, today it’s much easier to be a Linux newbie 5 Golden Rules to Live By as a New Linux User 5 Golden Rules to Live By as a New Linux User How do you ensure that your transition to the new OS is smooth? Stick to the following five rules and you should do just fine. Read More than it was, say, fifteen years ago. The web is bigger and there are countless free resources The Linux Advantage: 5 Websites You Should Head to for Learning Linux The Linux Advantage: 5 Websites You Should Head to for Learning Linux Whether you've been putting off Linux for years or you're just hearing about it, there are ample reasons to start today. Want to try now? These resources will get you started. Read More , tutorials and even online courses Open For All: Linux Foundation & edX Launch Course For Learning Linux Open For All: Linux Foundation & edX Launch Course For Learning Linux Learning Linux is about to get easier and organized with a two pronged push. In a major educational initiative, The Linux Foundation is building a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) program in partnership with edX. Read More that help you learn everything about Linux commands An A-Z of Linux - 40 Essential Commands You Should Know An A-Z of Linux - 40 Essential Commands You Should Know Linux is the oft-ignored third wheel to Windows and Mac. Yes, over the past decade, the open source operating system has gained a lot of traction, but it’s still a far cry from being considered. Read More . Long gone are the days of poring over tedious text-only documentation: now you can learn to use the terminal 4 Ways to Teach Yourself Terminal Commands in Linux 4 Ways to Teach Yourself Terminal Commands in Linux If you want to become a true Linux master, having some terminal knowledge is a good idea. Here methods you can use to start teaching yourself. Read More with the method that suits you best.
Yes, the terminal might seem redundant and old-fashioned at first. Yes, you could probably use Linux for the rest of your life without ever touching it. Still, consider these points:
the terminal is indispensable for troubleshooting. Run a misbehaving application in the terminal and in most cases you’ll get an output that will point to the problem if you’re seeking help on a discussion board, the text-only output of a command is faster to share and parse than a bunch of screenshots the basic set of command-line utilities is more-or-less the same on every Linux distribution, so it doesn’t matter if you’re using elementaryOSElementary OS Freya: The Next Major Update To A Rising Linux DistroElementary OS Freya: The Next Major Update To A Rising Linux Distro Now, we're getting a glimpse at the first beta of the next released, codenamed "Freya". What's new in Freya, and is it worth upgrading or switching to it from other distributions? Read More and the person who’s helping you has Arch Linux. They can ask for the output of hardware listing commands without worrying whether you have them on your system you can run any application from the terminal, and some apps have special options like safe mode which are hard (or impossible) to access from the regular graphical interface running applications with elevated privileges is sometimes necessary, and it’s easier to do from the terminal actions that require multiple clicks and trudging through confirmation dialogs in an application can often be automated via scripts5 Beginner Linux Setup Ideas For Cron Jobs & Shell Scripts5 Beginner Linux Setup Ideas For Cron Jobs & Shell Scripts With bash scripting, you can do a complex series of tasks in one quick go so it's great for elaborate and repetitive needs. It's also a great way to get to know terminal. Read More or simple one-liners in the terminal. That way you can speed up your workflow and “make the computer work for you” it gets even better when you create aliasesHow to Define Command Line Aliases on Any Operating SystemHow to Define Command Line Aliases on Any Operating System We've talked about, and recommended getting to grips with your computer's command line terminal numerous times in the past. Tina wrote a good primer for Windows users with A Beginner's Guide To The Windows Command. Read More : you don’t have to remember commands or switches, only the word you choose as an alias if you want to feel like a hacker or impress your friends with your “mad skillz”, it’s more useful to actually know what you’re doing in the terminal than to just pretend you’re typingIdleKeyboard: Fake Keyboard Typing Sounds While You Surf The WebIdleKeyboard: Fake Keyboard Typing Sounds While You Surf The WebRead More commands.
Convinced? Great. Let’s find out how to customize Konsole. Note that the screenshots and descriptions refer to the latest stable version of Konsole for KDE 4.1x. The application has been ported to Plasma 5 The Current State Of the New Linux Desktop Environment, Plasma 5 The Current State Of the New Linux Desktop Environment, Plasma 5 After years of polishing the 4.x series, KDE is once again leading the innovation race among Linux desktop environments with its latest product: Plasma 5. Read More , but it’s still plagued by annoying bugs, so I opted for the older version.
Profiles and Appearance.
Profiles are Konsole’s most practical feature. They make it possible to set up as many separate configurations as you want and switch between them in one session, or even use more profiles at once, each in its own tab. You can create and edit profiles in the Settings > Manage Profiles dialog.
Every profile can start in a different directory and have a custom window size. Konsole opens the Bash shell by default, but you can run other shells (like zsh or fish) in their own profiles and tabs, or set up any other command or application to start when you load a profile. This configuration dialog contains various settings for Konsole behavior, so you can declare custom keybindings in the Keyboard tab and control mouseclick actions in the Mouse tab. We’ll return to other options in the next few sections.
The most interesting tab is Appearance . Konsole supports color schemes Solarized - A Crisp, Scientifically-Based Color Scheme For Your Apps Solarized - A Crisp, Scientifically-Based Color Scheme For Your Apps If you spend your days in front of a computer monitor, color can be an important tool in the fight against fatigue and eye strain. Just about every text editor supports syntax coloring, and many. Read More , which you can create yourself or download for free. You can tweak background and font colors for optimal contrast, and choose the font type and size (Konsole detects and displays only monospaced fonts installed on your system). If you want, you can even set a background image for your terminal.
Apart from individual profile configuration, Konsole has a general settings dialog under Settings > Configure Konsole . Here you can choose whether to display tabs and where to put them, as well as change the look of Konsole’s window titlebar.
If you’re into meticulous tweaking, you’ll be happy to hear that Konsole lets you load a custom CSS file to modify the font, color, and size of tabs and the tab bar.
Tab Management.
By now it’s obvious that Konsole supports tabs. There’s nothing unusual about it—tabbed browsing The 5 Best Firefox 4 Addons For Tabbed Browsing The 5 Best Firefox 4 Addons For Tabbed Browsing Read More has become a de facto standard for web browsers, and desktop applications like text editors Advanced Linux Text Editors Compared: kate vs gedit Advanced Linux Text Editors Compared: kate vs gedit Any Linux user will tell you that a good text editor is a vital component of a computer system, no matter if you're a new user or a seasoned pro. While using a Terminal text. Read More , file managers, and terminal emulators 5 Cool Apps to Make the Linux Terminal More Productive 5 Cool Apps to Make the Linux Terminal More Productive Read More have followed suit. In Konsole, you can rename and detach every tab if you click on it in the tab bar.
Detaching a tab closes it in the current Konsole window and opens it in a new one. This is helpful when you want to move an active application to another virtual desktop. To copy a tab into the current window, use the File > Clone Tab option. If you want an overview of several tabs at once, Konsole offers the Split View option in the View menu.
Split View will copy all opened tabs in horizontal or vertical containers, essentially creating a windows-within-a-window situation. You can select the same tab in every container, but scroll to different positions in each one, which is handy when you’re reading a long file. It’s important to remember that closing a tab in one view closes it in all active views. Konsole also supports Fullscreen Mode, which will cover the panel and all active windows once you press F11 . It’s a quick way to hide the desktop!
If you often work with the same directories and find yourself opening the same files in Konsole tabs every day, it’s good to know that you can bookmark all opened tabs as a folder and load them all at once the next time you start Konsole. In a way, Konsole bookmarks replace the Save Session functionality How To Make The Most of Firefox's Session Manager How To Make The Most of Firefox's Session Manager Restoring browser sessions was a milestone in browser development. Meanwhile, all browsers offer this feature to some extent. Firefox allows you to restore previous windows and tabs, but it doesn't come with an elaborate session. Read More you might recall from your favorite web browser.
Working With Files and Commands.
Konsole is a great companion to a file manager—particularly to Dolphin, KDE’s default—for several reasons. First, it has an option in the File menu that opens the file manager in the currently active directory. Second, you can drag-and-drop items from the file manager window into the Konsole window and get a context menu with a set of convenient actions to copy, open, and link files and folders.
If you want to monitor changes in a log or any other file, check the View menu and its Monitor for Activity/Silence options. Selecting this will allow Konsole to alert you via desktop notifications when something happens (or stops happening) in the tab for which you enabled the option. If you do your backups in the terminal, you can use this to get notified when they’re completed.
As with any other KDE application, you can choose the type of notifications for Konsole. You’ll find the dialog under Settings > Configure Notifications .
Aside from tracking the output of a command, Konsole can also save it as a text or HTML file, and print it to PDF or paper. Both options are in the File menu. You can control the scope of exported files by adjusting the size of the scrollback. It can be preset for each profile, or modified on-the-fly for every opened tab by right-clicking and choosing Adjust Scrollback from the context menu.
Sometimes Linux commands 9 Quirky Linux Commands You Need to Know (And Will Love) 9 Quirky Linux Commands You Need to Know (And Will Love) Make ASCII art, talk to your computer and play text adventures. Your Linux command line isn't just for work: it can be weirdly entertaining, if you know the right commands. Read More produce huge outputs, flashing several hundred lines of code across the screen before you manage to read them. To give you more control over the contents of your terminal window, Konsole lets you toggle Flow Control —an option to pause the output of a command by pressing a keyboard shortcut. Again, you can configure this feature for each Konsole profile.
More Tweaks, Tricks, and Getting Help.
Konsole’s strength doesn’t end here. There are plenty more features and configuration options, both big and small, that you can use to turn Konsole into a perfectly personalized terminal emulator. If you love keyboard shortcuts, feel free to define your own, or just use the defaults. For example, Ctrl+mouse wheel will activate zoom, and holding Ctrl+Alt while highlighting text will automatically select columns if Konsole detects them in the output. There’s also the Search feature with support for regular expressions and case-sensitive keywords.
Advanced users can start Konsole with the --background-mode switch. It will run, but remain invisible and silent, and you can bring it to front by pressing Ctrl+Shift+F12 . In case there’s a need to manually edit or backup Konsole profiles, they can be found as simple text files in the.
You can discover more about Konsole at your own pace, as you gradually learn Linux commands, or you can just soak up all about it from the official help documentation. There’s an offline version that you can read directly in Konsole, but if you’d prefer a separate PDF file, you can download the Handbook. While preparing this article, I discovered that the Konsole Handbook was missing from the official KDE Documentation website, so I contacted Kurt Hindenburg, the developer of Konsole. He promptly replied and fixed the problem. Kudos to Kurt!
Now when you know that Konsole is maintained by such awesome people, there’s really no reason not to try it. Tell us about your experiences with Konsole in the comments. Already a fan of Konsole? Then feel free to share more tips and tricks with our readers.
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How can I get the time to appear on the command line so I know when I initiated a program - my jobs run for hours and I open several windows - thanks.
use oh my zsh from github.
For ubuntu I use guake. Very fast and handy. I recommend.
A really concise and stupendous article! Hats off to you Ivana! It really helped me in my research. Au Revoir!
Thanks for such an informative article. I use Kubuntu and I had no idea the terminal could be tweaked in such a way. I saved this page to keep as a reference. Thank you.
Thank you so much for the comment, Danny!
My experience is actually similar to yours - I'm not some mad terminal wizard :), and I've also avoided using the terminal for a long time, for various reasons. I'm not using it much these days, either, but when I do, I love it because it's so fast and efficient. Whether it's backup scripts, email checking, or system cleanup and monitoring. you can really do amazing things with simple Bash scripts. And Konsole is a great choice for beginners because you don't have to spend too much time guessing and decyphering how to set it up. Everything is clearly laid out in customization dialogs that look just like any other dialogs in regular KDE apps.
I wish you lots of fun and success in your experiments with the terminal, and I'm really glad you like the article. And remember: you don't have to learn *every* Linux command out there. Just figure out what you want to do and focus on that. Even the basics can get you a long way! :)
Another nice article from you Ivana, very informative. As someone who grew up on DOS 1.0 and still did a lot of command line stuff well into the Windows error ( oops. era. Freudian Slip ? ) I did not get into Linux until a couple of years ago after being on Macs for the last decade. I have usually ignored any process that required me to go into terminal, particularly installing programs. My opinion now is if a programmer is too lazy to include an installer and/or wizard, your program is just not worth my time. I could do it, with some training/retraining in terminal syntax and usage, but my time is more valuable now and is taken up with many other useful things than to be hashing out multi-step install scripts via a terminal. That said, in terms of drilling down into the guts of my machine and to see in more detail the various paths and calls of a script is a useful thing that I should be more adept at. I will give these tips a go. At least it should take some of the discomfort out of using terminal and give me added impetus to become a Linux terminal guru. or close enough for rock and roll. Thanks again !
Ivana Isadora is a freelance writer and translator, Linux lover and KDE fangirl. She supports and promotes free & open source software, and she's always looking for fresh, innovative apps. Find out how to get in touch here.
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Updating the Windows Console Colors.
In another blockbuster post, our Summer 2017 Intern, @craigaloewen unveils a subtle, but important improvement to the Console in Windows 10 build 16257. I know many of you have been asking for this ! O ver to you Craig .
The Windows Console's colors are getting their first overhaul in more than 20 years! Hurray!
The default color values have been changed to improve legibility of darker colors on modern screens, and to give the Console a more modern look & feel .
For example, Windows Console's legacy blue is very difficult to read on a modern high-contrast displays .
. and the improved blue is much more legible:
What might not be immediately apparent from the above screenshots is that we didn't just change the blue, we actually tweaked all of the colors!
Why Change the Entire Color Scheme?
During the past 20 years, screens & display technology, contrast ratio, and resolution have changed significantly, from CRT's through TFT LCD's to modern-day nano-scale 4K displays.
The legacy default scheme was not built for modern displays and does not render as well on newer high-contrast LCD displays. This is particularly apparent with deeply saturated darker colors like blue.
The new default colors will modernize the look of the Windows Console and make it more congruent with other terminal experiences, such as the integrated terminal in VSCode.
Where Will I See these Changes?
If you clean-install a new build of Windows 10 >= 16257 , you'll get the new colors as the default Console scheme.
If you upgraded to this new build of Windows, you will still see the original legacy colors, not the new defaults! This is because we do NOT want to overwrite any of your existing custom color settings. To better understand how color settings are stored, please read this blog post on Windows Console settings.
So how will you see the new color scheme if you have upgraded from a previous build? We'll soon be publishing a tool that will help you apply this new scheme and a selection of alternative color schemes to your Windows Console. Stay tuned for more details.
The New Default Scheme Details.
Here is the legacy color scheme (top), and the new default scheme (below):
Additionally, the following table describes the color scheme change in terms of RGB values.
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If i may ask, when we’re gonna get tabs?
You may ;). Nothing planned yet, but it is on our backlog. We’ve been spending all our resources thus far on overhauling the Console’s 30 year old innards, without which, we wouldn’t be able to add tabs anyhow!
> “overhauling the Console’s 30 year old innards”
This is the best news about Windows I have heard in years, especially in the two years that I have been without Windows. If I see uniscribe in the console, I will be VERY happy. Thank you, and keep up the good work.
Great work…keep it up!
This is great, I love tabs. I use them in KDE konsole all the time.
I personally do not think that I ultimately … really need them, because I can already use e. g. vte + mate-terminal to have tabs work (+xming or what was the name), but if this would be possible out-of-the-box as-is then of course I would not mind that at all! More options are always nice to have. And who knows, perhaps tabs will happen some time too, it should technically be not too hugely difficult, just a widget that arranges other sub-widgets possibly in different threads (but I really do not know what I am talking about here, the little GUI I know has been happening primarily through ruby-bindings to gtk/gnome; I understand that every toolkit and environment has different components, KDE uses settable slots and signals, windows-driven GUIs probably use some other mechanics).
I think the Dark Cyan is more towards the blue than the green, and I would have used a value like.
R: 58 G: 168 B: 203.
Not sure I agree … I think perhaps #3ba8ca is better, no? 😉 You can change your default colors if you wish, plus we’re working on a little something to give you more control over your colors too! Stay tuned!
I hadn’t considered changing the colours in the pallette before for the Command Prompt, but I just changed them all to match the colours specified here (except for the Dark Cyan) so all we need now is a way to preserve changes between Windows Updates, and possibly a drop-down with various saved pallettes, for easy swapping 🙂
It’s pretty easy to write a command that uses SetConsoleScreenBufferInfoEx() to change the color palette (potentially on a per Windows basis). I use that so that each project can have its own color palette and it’s easy to see which window is working on what (the palette is loaded in environment setup script, although with the default color values). It would be nice if that were something that was built in Windows and configurable via a cmd.exe option.
Are these colors also going to apply to bash shells?
Yes, for any apps that emit VT specifying color by palette index. If color is specified by RGB value, the requested color is emitted.
Will the color of DARK_MAGENTA be fixed in powershell?(It looks the same as the background now)
Please file an issue on PowerShell.
I’m the guy from Reddit – cheers again! Looks like a great start down a very awesome path of development. Respect, and can’t wait to see what’s next.
Is there Acrylic transparency planned at some point? You know, blurred transparency on the parts of the console window that is filled with the screen background color (excluding the window frame)?
Fluent is possible, but not until we’ve overhauled the renderer, etc. Bear with us 😉
Is there any thought being put into a UWP version of CMD? So with DPI font scaling, Direct Write, working for other platforms, nicer windowing, and of course Acrylic backgrounds?
Or is it just keeping it Win32, but re-doing the Shell/UI?
A UWP shell wouldn’t make any sense at all, the sandboxing would make it totally useless (can’t view folders unless you open a folder picker to them, can’t launch programs without them inheriting the same restrictions, etc.). A UWP *terminal* that can run arbitrary shells (such as CMD/Powershell/bash/etc.) that aren’t sandboxed might be interesting, but realistically still probably wouldn’t be worth it (among other things, it would probably make launching a terminal much slower). Either way, it probably wouldn’t be practical to update such a core part of the OS (remember, the terminal hosts *every* command-line app, not just CMD and Powershell and bash) through the Store, so you’d still only get updates with OS patches.
With that said, a terminal that could take advantage of some of the new UI features for UWP apps (such as scaling) would be nice. The improvements that are already being made are much appreciated.
Not entirely true – there are different forms of UWP apps. We’re currently assessing several options re. modernizing Console itself.
FWIW, ConHost doesn’t host command-line apps – it’s a separate process that communicates with attached command-line application via stdin/out routed via the ConDrv driver. We’re planning a series of articles to help explain this in more detail. Stay tuned.
Thank you for this guys, it may seem like a small thing to some but many of us will greatly appreciate this.
Keep in mind that some subkeys (like PowerShell) override a few colours, so you’ll need to delete those values in the subkeys if you want it to inherit them.
Plus this won’t change settings for any per-command-line-app settings, nor for any settings applied to any shortcuts.
Is there a plan to update the menu access for cmd prompt (edit, properties, defaults)? Too many clicks to get things done…pls pls pls fix it.
You’d think that updating settings would be a simple change, right? Alas, it requires some pretty pervasive changes that’ll take quite a lot of engineering work which we’ve yet to find time/resources for. We ARE, however, keen to revisit our settings infrastructure, and hope to do so before too long.
About month ago I was create a feedback hub ticket and I think it’s a good place to double that info here 🙂
Windows Console doesn’t take into account user’s regional settings!
For example: I setup my PROMPT system variable as [$t$h$h$h] $p$g to show current time in CMD.
Also I setup time format in regional parameters to show leading zeroes for hours.
PROMPT has been that way since AT LEAST DOS 5.0. The moment we change something that’s been around this long is the moment our inboxes start to fill up with “YOU BROKE OUR SYSTEM” messages. HOWEVER, we’re not averse to introducing new PROMPT args for those that want a time indicator that honors regional and other settings! Sounds like a great ask for our UserVoice 😉 https://wpdev.uservoice.com/forums/266908-command-prompt-console-bash-on-ubuntu-on-windo/category/182371-cmd-classic-shell.
Oh man! This is awesome! It will help me to see everything better! Thanks guys!
MSFT should have replaced cmd.exe with powershell ISE [which already has all the capabilities of cmd.exe and more]
just like MSPaint replacement.
Cmd is a shell. Console (ConHost.exe) is the terminal. ISE is a scripting dev tool and would incur a significant overhead for simply running command-line executables, and/or interacting with the command-line directly.
Also (annoyingly!) there are still things that Powershell is so bad at the easiest way, by far, to do them is to invoke “cmd /c “. A great example is creating file system links (symbolic, hard, or junction). For some reason, the MKLINK command is a CMD built-in, rather than an executable. Yes, FSUTIL.EXE can be used from PS, but it’s a pain.
The obvious (and critical) reason you can’t remove CMD.EXE entirely is because Powershell doesn’t understand CMD’s scripting language, and after 3+ decades of people writing batch scripts for COMMAND.COM and CMD.EXE, you can’t just say “nope, re-write them all for WSH or Powershell, we don’t support those anymore!”. One could embed CMD’s script parser in Powershell (hopefully only ever invoked for .BAT and .CMD files) if you *really* wanted to, but it makes a lot more sense to just keep the old shell around (with maybe some small, backward-compatible changes if there’s a situation that really warrants it)..
Re. Symlinks, I suggest you add additional context & requests to this GitHub issue: https://github.com/PowerShell/PowerShell/issues/2845. Better still, submit a PR with your implementation of symlink support.
In PowerShell, what’s wrong with `New-Item -ItemType SymbolicLink`?
The same thing that’s wrong with PowerShell commands in general: you have to write a sentence, paragraph or an essay to do something. This isn’t so bad in a script that you will run more than once, but is way more work than I want to do for exploratory, interactive shell work.
With respect, that’s not true: It’s recommended that you use full command/argument names when writing scripts to ensure legibility & maintenance, but when commanding, using common aliases (e.g. ls, grep, etc.) and abbreviations (e.g. gci, sls). To look up the default/current aliases, call get-alias / gal.
New-Item -ItemType Junction/HarkLink/SymbolicLink -Value.
This looks awesome! Definitively staying tuned for that tool 😀
I can’t wait to hear what you guys update next!
Like Ivan, I do hope it’s tabs 😉
This is much appreciated. Thanks.
Totally agree with Martin Anderson, the new dark cyan looks like light blue. Please adjust to something more cyan-ish where the G and B values are in the same ballpark (or, in HSL terms, stay somewhere around H 120 instead of your blog post’s 137). My proposal is 34,180,200 (H 125).
Besides that I’m totally happy with the idea of revamping the default palette and your choices for the new colors, so a big thanks for your work! 🙂
We’re working on a tool to give you easier control over your console colors. Bear with us 😉
Still only a 256 colour palette though.
No – Console now supports 24-bit RGB color on Creators Update and later: Enable VIRTUAL_TERMINAL_PROCESSING and emit RGB VT sequences (https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/console/console-virtual-terminal-sequences)
that’s good news,
but when you guys could implement ctrl+shirt+c/ctrl+shift+v ?
no copy/paste yet, that’s a sad.
We’re looking into it!
Ironically, this improved display of colors and fonts for Console is posted on a difficult-to-read, tiny-font, mostly-colorless MSDN site. 🙂 But I’m glad for the improvement regardless.
Click the screenshot for a larger version. We try to post embedded images sized to fit the post. Sometimes they’re too small, othertimes, they’re too big.
Simple PowerShell to set defaults. You will have to look at your registry to see if any shortcuts that have been customized.
Set-ItemProperty ‘HKCU:\Console’ -Name ColorTable00 -Value 789516.
Set-ItemProperty ‘HKCU:\Console’ -Name ColorTable01 -Value 14300928.
Set-ItemProperty ‘HKCU:\Console’ -Name ColorTable02 -Value 958739.
Set-ItemProperty ‘HKCU:\Console’ -Name ColorTable03 -Value 14521914.
Set-ItemProperty ‘HKCU:\Console’ -Name ColorTable04 -Value 2035653.
Set-ItemProperty ‘HKCU:\Console’ -Name ColorTable05 -Value 9967496.
Set-ItemProperty ‘HKCU:\Console’ -Name ColorTable06 -Value 40129.
Set-ItemProperty ‘HKCU:\Console’ -Name ColorTable07 -Value 13421772.
Set-ItemProperty ‘HKCU:\Console’ -Name ColorTable08 -Value 7763574.
Set-ItemProperty ‘HKCU:\Console’ -Name ColorTable09 -Value 16742459.
Set-ItemProperty ‘HKCU:\Console’ -Name ColorTable10 -Value 837142.
Set-ItemProperty ‘HKCU:\Console’ -Name ColorTable11 -Value 14079585.
Set-ItemProperty ‘HKCU:\Console’ -Name ColorTable12 -Value 5654759.
Set-ItemProperty ‘HKCU:\Console’ -Name ColorTable13 -Value 10354868.
Set-ItemProperty ‘HKCU:\Console’ -Name ColorTable14 -Value 10875385.
Set-ItemProperty ‘HKCU:\Console’ -Name ColorTable15 -Value 15921906.
Shortcut settings aren’t persisted in the registry. Also, this will change PowerShell’s settings, but not those of Cmd, etc.
Now c’mon, you know how we are out here… where is the “tool” to update to the new colors without doing a clean-install ??
Anxious in Newport Beach! /jim.
Patience, young Jedi!
Patience I will show, as 54 year old Jedi would me.
Agree with the immediate NEED, not WANT of those who are super anxious to get those new colors sans a clean install. Rude Microsoft! You apparently enjoy teasing babies with candy. GAH!!
LOL 🙂 Alas, if only ’twere that simple 😉 Console & command-line settings in Windows are pretty complex (as described in the associated settings post).
We decided NOT to nuke pre-existing defaults because that’d result in us changing some users’ explicitly modified settings – something we try our hardest NOT to do. Also, since defaults are overridden by custom per-app and/or per-shortcut settings, some of your consoles / command-line apps won’t see the changes anyhow (esp. those with custom colors).
However, as I mentioned, we’re working on a tool to help y’all out here. Bear with us … 😉
Nice update – small but useful. I use consoles/terminals almost all of the time, usually kde konsole but also others when possible. In KDE Konsole I can also use RGB colours and wrote a small module in ruby to use the “HTML colours” (you know, slateblue, orange, olivedrab etc…) – eventually I will test this on the “windows subsystem for bash/*nix” too but right now I am a semi-sleepy sommer holidays break (August is usually the time of the year where most people in europe make a break, also at university) – but I will definitely check out what has changed.
So thanks to Rich, Craig and everyone else who keeps people updated – this is appreciated. (Without the blog series, it would be IMMENSELY more difficult for me to keep track of what is changing over the weeks/months).
What command did you use to output the colors like in the example picture?
@craigaloewen on Twitter would love to tell you 🙂
I just want to say thanks Rich Turner for keeping us updated; excellent to see this level of interaction. I love the new colors(have the latest build but did .reg file thing to get new colors)! Way easier to read on both of my Quantum Dot and TN panels.
Great to hear – thanks for sharing!
Why does PowerShell.exe uses it randomly?
I mean, sometimes it shows the new colors, sometimes it doesn’t.
If poweshell command line is “C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe” -noexit -command Set-Location -literalPath ‘C:\’ it doesn’t use the new colors.
While if the command line is “PowerShell.exe” -noexit -command Set-Location -literalPath ‘C:\’ colors are applied.
Issue happens when powershell is launched using Windows Explorer’s PowerShell menu in File Menu, while selecting or not selecting (focused) any file before it.
If I select a file or folder in explorer (highlighted), and launch powershell, it uses the new colors.
If I click to an empty space and no file or folder is selected, and launch powershell, it doesn’t use the new colors.
Well, I found the reason.
Sometimes it launched PowerShell using the Shortcut from.
C:\Users\\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Windows PowerShell.
I just recreated the shortcut using the same settings:
Start in: %HOMEDRIVE%%HOMEPATH%
Comment: Performs object-based (command-line) functions.
And voilà, now it uses the latest colors. I don’t know how, but I guess Windows File Explorer’s menu to launch PowerShell uses that .lnk file.
Tip: Read our post on where console app/shell settings are persisted. Hint: If you’re launching PowerShell from a shortcut – even a shortcut in the start menu – then it’s not getting the new default color settings; it’s getting its own private color settings.
Nice to see incremental changes on the way. So, any chance of a matrix of VT code that are implemented and those that _will_ be implemented next? Having full screen mode with alt+enter is just begging to bring back support for the mouse in conhost. It’s hard to bring back turbo vision style console apps without it 😉
Console has supported mouse VT sequences since Anniversary Update – try Midnight Commander in WSL 😉
We’re planning a writeup of our VT support. Will take a look at creating a usable table.
Are themes comming to conhost.exe?
Are you also working on an easier way of picking colors for a shortcut?
Stay tuned for more 😉
I just updated the colors. I welcome this change and it looks beautiful.
However, there is a downside. Yellow is very hard to distinguish from white, which makes it difficult to recognize PowerShell commands (Get-Help, Get-ChildItem and the likes). They don’t pop anymore.
For me, this is a deal breaker and I reverted the yellow color to the old style.
Feel free to tweak your colors to your needs/tastes.
What I’d really like now is support for the actual bold face. I like my 1m to mean bold instead of bright.
We hear ya. The challenge with text adornments, is that bold characters, for example, require additional width/height per char, so require the Console to resize the Window, or sacrifice some columns / rows, etc.
Any news on better Unicode support and font fallback?
You’ll need to be more specific: Unicode is a big area.
Guessing at what you’re asking though: We continue to improve Console’s ability to support UTF-8 and have more improvements on the boil for future releases (after Fall Creators Update).
To support font fallback, we’ll need to rewrite our current renderer. We’re keen to do this, but need to carefully plan and spend our resources wisely.
Will Indic characters be rendered in the console?
But the old numbers were such good binary numbers like 128, 192, and 255! 🙂
It is a good improvement.
Very nice improvement.. appricite this.
Had to revert it back. Yellow is pretty much indistinguishable from white now, which is very unfortunate given my color layouts.
Hooray! As a heavy console user (I prefer console emacs.. maybe I’m a bit weird?) this is a VERY welcome change.
If you’re anything like @paulcam206 (dev on the Console team), you’re VERY weird 😉 😀
how execute command color 34,34,34 i did but is not running.
As you can see when you run `color /?`, color only supports selecting one of the Console’s 16 colors – it does not support full 16-bit RGB colors. This is because `color` is a Cmd command which we try not to change unless we have to in order to preserve backwards compatibility with legacy scripts and tools. If you want to output text with rich color support, emit text with embedded ANSI/VT sequences instead, e.g.: `echo ^[[38;2;100;200;255mHello^[[0m` (where ^[ == CTRL [)
Hey Rich, I just installed 1709 on a new Computer with a new ssd. When you WIN+R ‘powershell’ you get the new Colors, that is true. However, when you open powershell via start menu, you still get the old Colors. You forgot to update the Default shortcuts in the start menu with the new Colors.
You get the old colors when starting PowerShell from the start menu because PowerShell’s start menu shortcut embeds definitions for a bunch of custom colors that override the default colors specified by the base Console color settings.
amicLabs' Windows Server AddIns.
Discontinued Windows Home Server v1 AddIns.
All my AddIns for the first-generation Windows Home Server are freeware and can be downloaded and used free of charge for an unlimited period of time.
Advanced Admin Console.
This is my award-winning flagship AddIn. It was created for those advanced Home Server administrators and users who want to have full control over their server at any time. With this AddIn you gain access to all administrative areas of your server like Control Panel, Administrative Tools, My Computer, Network Places and many more. You can add shortcuts to your own programs installed on your server or to web-frontends of services and devices available in your network (like routers, printers, etc.). It’s even possible to launch a full desktop session right from the Home Server Console!
Here are some example of what others have to say about the Advanced Admin Console AddIn:
This awesome Addin makes it exceptionally easy to access your server’s advanced controls and functions from any computer on your network. If you’re an advanced computer geek who knows there way around Server 2003, this is a must have Addin that you’ll probably install right away. [Read full article]
Love the add in, been using it since it first came out. Love to make my own links to other programs or areas within the WHS OS. Love the Desktop link, as now I don’t have to add it in myself.
Hi – just wanted to say THANK YOU for taking the time to create this and make it available to us. I just began my exploration of WHS and I consider this an absolutely critical add-in. Thanks, again!
Update History.
The Update History AddIn will display the complete system update history so that Windows Home Server owners can make sure their machine is fully patched and up to date. You get the full descriptions of what’s contained in each update and for many updates there’s a direct link to the Microsoft Knowledgebase article for you to review. In case something went wrong with an update installation you can open the Windows Update log file and the system’s event log from directly the toolbar to find out the reason for the failure.
FRITZ!Box Anrufliste.
This AddIn is only available in German.
Das AddIn ermöglicht den Zugriff auf die AVM FRITZ!Box Anrufliste innerhalb der Windows Home Server-Konsole. Bei der AVM FRITZ!Box handelt es sich um einen in Deutschland weit verbreiteten DSL-Router, optional mit WLAN, Voice-over-IP- und Festznetz-Telefonie-Unterstützung (und je nach Modell noch vielen weiteren Funktionen). Bei aktivierter Anruflisten-Funktion protokolliert die FRITZ!Box alle ein- und ausgehenden Telefonate sowie eingegangene Anrufe in Abwesenheit. Diese Anrufliste wird durch das FRITZ!Box Anruflisten-AddIn nun innerhalb der Windows Home Server-Konsole dargestellt, so dass die Konsole einmal mehr als zentrale Anlaufstelle des Heimnetzwerks dient.
Windows konsole
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744 tys. graczy sprzedało i wymieniło już ponad 579 tys. gier przez GameTrade.pl!
o nas w mediach.
ostatnio dołączyli.
popularne gry.
Gametrade Sp. z o.o. © 2009-2018.
Załóż konto za darmo.
Chcesz grać w najnowsze gry bez wydawania kasy?
Masz gry w które już nie grasz i tylko zbierają kurz?
Wie kann ich den Windows-8 und 8.1 Product Key дndern, um Windows 8 zu aktivieren?
Man kann recht einfach den Windows 8, 8.1 und Windows 10 Product Key дndern, um Windows 8.1 (8, 10) mit einem neuem Product-Key zu aktivieren!
Windows 8 und 8.1 Produkt-Schlьssel via slmgr.vbs Befehl!
In der cmd.exe den Befehl.
slmgr.vbs -ipk ABCDE-VH26C-733KW-K6F98-J8CK4 ausfьhren (Bild1-1).
Um Windows nach einer Дnderung der Schlьssel zu aktivieren:
slmgr.vbs -ato ausfьhren (Bild1-1).
Die "ABCDE-VH26C-733KW-K6F98-J8CK4" ist eine Beispiel Seriennummer, benutzen Sie bitte Ihren eigenen Produkt Key :!)
Produkt-Key ьber slui 3 дndern (Win-8 und 8.1)!
Seriennummern wechseln, ohne neu zu installieren, Windows 8 und 8.1 Product Key!
Das Win-8 und 8.1 mit einem neuem Key aktivieren ьber Windows-X, System!
Das Win-8 und 8.1 mit einem neuem Key aktivieren ьber Windows-X System!
Hier noch die Ьbersicht der Windows-8 slmgr Befehle!
Syntax: slmgr.vbs [Computername [Benutzerkennwort]] []
Product Key installieren (ersetzt den vorhandenen Key)
Lizenzinformationen anzeigen (Standard: aktuelle Lizenz)
Detaillierte Lizenzinformationen anzeigen (Standard: aktuelle Lizenz)
Ablaufdatum fьr aktuellen Lizenzstatus.
Product Key aus Registrierung lцschen (verhindert Offenlegungsangriffe)
Systemlizenzdateien erneut installieren.
Lizenzierungsstatus des Computers zurьcksetzen.
Product Key deinstallieren.
Installations-ID fьr Offlineaktivierung anzeigen.
Produkt mit der vom Benutzer bereitgestellten Bestдtigungs-ID aktivieren.
Volumen-Lizenzierung: Schlьsselverwaltungsdienst (Key Management Service, KMS)-Clientoptionen:
Den Namen und/oder Port fьr den KMS-Computer festlegen, den dieser Computer verwendet. Die IPv6-Adresse muss im folgenden Format angegeben werden: [Hostname]:Port.
Name des verwendeten KMS-Computers lцschen (setzt den Port auf den Standardwert)
Legt die spezielle DNS-Domдne fest, in der alle KMS-SRV-Eintrдge zu finden sind. Diese Einstellung wird nicht wirksam, wenn der spezielle KMS-Einzelhost mit der Option "/skms" festgelegt wird.
Lцscht die spezielle DNS-Domдne, in der alle KMS-SRV-Eintrдge zu finden sind. Der spezielle KMS-Host wird verwendet, wenn er mithilfe von "/skms" festgelegt wird. Andernfalls wird die standardmдЯige automatische KMS-Erkennung verwendet.
Volumen-Lizenzierung: Optionen fьr tokenbasierte Aktivierung:
Installierte Verцffentlichungslizenzen fьr tokenbasierte Aktivierung auffьhren.
Installierte Verцffentlichungslizenzen fьr tokenbasierte Aktivierung entfernen.
Tokenbasierte Aktivierungszertifikate auffьhren.
Tokenbasierte Aktivierung erzwingen.
Volumen-Lizenzierung: Schlьsselverwaltungsdienst (Key Management Service, KMS)-Optionen:
TCP-Port festlegen, den KMS zur Clientkommunikation verwendet.
Intervall (in Minuten) festlegen, nach dem nicht aktivierte Clients versuchen, eine KMS-Verbindung herzustellen. Das Aktivierungsintervall muss zwischen 15 Minuten (mindestens) und 30 Tagen (maximal) liegen, obwohl jedoch empfohlen wird, den Standardwert (2 Stunden) zu verwenden.
Erneuerungsintervall (in Minuten) festlegen, nach dem aktivierte Clients versuchen, eine KMS-Verbindung herzustellen. Das Erneuerungsintervall muss zwischen 15 Minuten (mindestens) und 30 Tagen (maximal) liegen, obwohl jedoch empfohlen wird, den Standardwert (7 Tage) zu verwenden.
DNS-Verцffentlichung durch KMS aktivieren (Standard)
DNS-Verцffentlichung durch KMS deaktivieren.
KMS-Prioritдt auf "normal" festlegen (Standard)
KMS-Prioritдt auf "niedrig" festlegen.
Legt den Aktivierungstyp fest: auf 1 fьr AD, 2 fьr KMS, 3 fьr Token oder 0 fьr alle.
Volumen-Lizenzierung: Active Directory-Aktivierungsoptionen:
Aktiviert die Active Directory-Gesamtstruktur mit dem vom Benutzer angegebenen Product Key.
Zeigt die Installations-ID fьr die Active Directory-Gesamtstruktur an.
Aktiviert die Active Directory-Gesamtstruktur mit dem vom Benutzer angegebenen Product Key und der Bestдtigungs-ID.
Zeigt Aktivierungsobjekte in Active Directory (AD) an.
Lцscht Aktivierungsobjekte in Active Directory (AD) fьr das vom Benutzer angegebene Aktivierungsobjekt.
High Performance Software Defined Radio.
An Open Source Design.
Status.
Note black titles above are completed,
navy titles are near completion,
DarkCyan titles are proposed.
February 16, 2013 New Programmer software and New firmware to make loading firmare easier.
January 28, 2012 SVN has been restored. See the Resources page for details.
January 29, 2011 Current HPSDRprogrammer binaries and *.rbf files available here.
HPSDR Downloads.
HPDSRprogrammer Binaries last updated: Sat Nov 4 11:10:02 UTC 2017.
This program is used to load FPGA firmware on the Metis ethernet interface board or Hermes board. It will also program the Penelope, Pennylane, and Mercury boards as well, using the Metis board. The current firmware can be found below. You will find the Metis and Hermes documentation on the Document or Support webpages.
HPSDRProgrammer and HPSDRBootloader Software.
These Programmers use the pcap Library . By license you must install this library yourself. For Window install Winpcap Library. The WinPcap now supports Windows 8.
For Linux simply install "libpcap" from the repository.:x.
This programmer will work with all RBF firmware for HPSDR boards with an ethernet connector. No jumper setting required. It will reset the IP address as well, if Metis V2.5 or Hermes V2.3 RBF or greater is installed.
OpenHPSDR Programmers (Original Protocol) Code at Github: https://github.com/TAPR/OpenHPSDR-Original-Programmers/
This is the program that works with all firmware and will function as a JTAG programmer for Mercury, Pennylane, and Penelope boards. This program will also reset IP address but requires the Metis J1 jumper set or the Hermes and Angelia J12 jumper set.
Code at SVN: http://svn.tapr.org/repos_sdr_hpsdr/trunk/KV0S/hpsdr-programmers/
For more information, see the Metis or Hermes Manuals Documents webpage.
A version of the HPSDRProgrammer has be written for macOS.
MacOS Flynn -- Last Changed Date: 2011-03-24 01:38:04 -0800 (Thr, 24 Mar 2011)
MacOS Flynn Code at SVN: https://www.xenotropic.com/ham-svn/Flynn/trunk/
If you have a Ozy or Magister boards these boards load their firmware on software start up. The other boards can be load with a Altera USB Blaster.
For use with a Altera programmers.
This code is under active development, The binaries are for the most basic confirguation, if you have trouble and you have the ability for compile the code on your machine, please use the Subversion address below.
There are also many special use programs offered by members of the openhpsdr community. Please follow the instruction on the their Wiki pages, If you want to use their code. The code offered here is a simple configuration to get you started.
Linux, MacOS and Windows ghpsdr3 : Compiles on Linux, MacOS and Windows, No binaries , More .
Code at SVN: http://svn.tapr.org/repos_sdr_hpsdr/trunk/N6LYT/ghpsdr3/
ghpsdr3-Qt Compiles on Linux, MacOS and Windows: ghpsdr3-Qt Windows Binaries, includes QtHPSDRServer, QtDSPServer, QtRadio, and QtLogger, More . (Compiled with minGW) Code at SVN: http://svn.tapr.org/repos_sdr_hpsdr/trunk/N6LYT/Qt/
gnuradio-hpsdr : Compiles on Linux, MacOS and Windows, No binaries , More .
Code at SVN: http://svn.tapr.org/repos_sdr_hpsdr/trunk/N5EG/
This Code is maintained off the openHPSDR.org website by Jeremy, NH6Z. Code at SVN: https://www.xenotropic.com/ham-svn/Heterodyne.
Windows PowerSDR (Original Protocol) on Github release.
cuSDR3 (Original Protocol) on Github release.
Code at SVN: http://svn.tapr.org/repos_sdr_hpsdr/trunk/W5WC/PowerSDR_HPSDR_mRX_PS.
Code at SVN: http://svn.tapr.org/repos_hpsdr_kiss/trunk/StableRelease/KK_Unified/Latest/Unified/bin/Release.
If you are using an Atlas bus system with an Ozy or Magister board, you will need one of the following LIBUSB0 driver packages to use PowerSDR or KISS Konsole. The one you need depends on what operating system you are using. Note: Windows Server 2016 is NOT supported for using USB to connect to an Atlas-bus system.
Note: the PowerSDR code requires these USB driversfor Ozy /magister to run. These signed driver will work on Windows 7 for 32 bit.
OpenHPSDR Skins Code at SVN: http://svn.tapr.org/repos_sdr_hpsdr/trunk/W5WC/OpenHPSDR_Skins/
This is where the volunteer programmers store their current code. Most of these files are works in progress, for stable releases see the links above. We are in the process of migrating the repository from out SVN to Github. We Thank TAPR for their help in this process.
Windows Command Line Tools For Developers Windows Command Line Tools For Developers.
Windows Console, Bash on Ubuntu on Windows, Windows Subsystem for Linux, WSL, Linux.
Ubuntu now available from the Windows Store!
Today, we’re excited to announce that Canonical’s Ubuntu Linux Distro is now available in the Windows Store and can be downloaded and installed on any Windows 10 Insider build >= #16215!
Note: Because Windows 10 Insider builds are essentially weekly snapshots of the next version of Windows 10 as it’s being built, this feature will eventually become available to anyone who runs Windows 10 Fall Creators Update or later.
I first mentioned that we were working to enable you to find and download Linux distro’s via the Windows Store via this blog post.
There are several benefits in replacing our existing installation mechanism with a Windows Store based installation mechanism:
Faster & more reliable downloads : The Windows Store employs a sophisticated block-based download mechanism that minimizes the size of apps being downloaded, resulting in faster and more reliable downloads Install distros side-by-side : WSL has been enhanced to support the installation of multiple distro’s alongside one another Run multiple distro’s simultaneously : Not only can you install distro’s side-by-side, but you can now run more than one distro simultaneously.
In that same post, I also announced that we were also working with SUSE and Fedora to bring their Linux distro’s to the Windows Store. Both SUSE and Fedora are nearing completion and will arrive in the store over the next week or two.
We would like to extend our sincerest thanks to the great teams at Canonical, SUSE and Fedora for all their patience, hard work & support as we worked together to plan, build & publish their distro packages in the Windows Store.
Stay tuned here, and to my Twitter feed @richturn_ms for further news!
Answering several common questions arriving via several different channels:
Q1) What happens if I already have the current/legacy Ubuntu distro installed & then install Ubuntu (or any other distro) from the store?
A1) The Store distros will install alongside the current/legacy distro, and any other store distros. Each distro will also run alongside but isolated from one another.
Q2) Should I continue to run the current/legacy distro or move to the new Store distros.
A2) You can continue to run the current/legacy distro, but we do encourage you to move to using the store distros as your primary distros, because the current/legacy distro will be deprecated at some point.
Q3) How do I launch the new Ubuntu distro?
A3) You can launch the new store based distros via the start menu tile created for each distro.
You can also launch distros via the command-line. In general, new store-delivered distros can be launched by typing the distros name (possibly with a version number suffix) at the command-line. So, to launch the new Ubuntu distro enter "ubuntu" at the Cmd/PowerShell command-line or via Start-Run, etc.
Q4) How do I uninstall my legacy distro?
A4) Once you're done backing up any important data/files/config from your legacy distro (e.g. by copying your files to /mnt/c/tmp/WSL-backup/ etc.), you can uninstall it using lxrun /uninstall from Cmd/PowerShell.
Updated Docs!
Be sure to head over to the official WSL install guide which is being updated by @virtualscooley to reflect these new changes!
Cancel reply.
Can you also install to a location other than your user directory?
Distros from the store are extracted to a different location on your system drive. We’ll be looking to allow you to install-to/move-to a non-system drive in a future release.
That’s great. I hope it will make the next major update, with the ability to put it on a different drive. At the *very* least, I need to be able to set aside a portion of a larger drive and mount it inside the distro .. i just plain need a ton of space for my linux command line, and I don’t want to move my Windows user directory, off of my SSD. If store distros (and store apps!) could be moved to a different drive, already, then that would work fine. Or if I could junction mount into it. I just need a way to be able to get about 100 gigs of free space to the WSL installation, whatever way that might be. And I really hope it makes the next major. 🙂 because I am not willing to go to a non-supported release on my main developer machine that I need working all the time 🙂
Why not just create a symbolic link from your user dir to the other drive?
Generally because users want to move the potentially many GB of disk space used to store the distro & all the apps & tools installed upon it, off their C: drive.
Yep – we’re very keen to allow you to install/move your distro’s to non-system drives too. Requires some more work to make this experience really solid though.
Many “normal” store apps can be moved to non-system drives; WSL is a somewhat unusual case though & we have to do some more work for make the store app infrastructure handle our unusual behavior.
Let WSL (bridging subsystem) install to system drive and user-installed distributions to any drive. This lessens necessary changes.
This would be quite nice. I have nothing at all against /mnt/c but it may be nice to be able to link it into another directory path too upon user discretion/decision.
How this will affect the existing “Bash on Ubuntu on Windows” ? Its home folder, installed tools / apps etc?
Should we keep it? Uninstall it?
As per the FAQ I appended to the bottom of the post, we encourage you to move to the new distro’s. Store distro’s are installed independently, alongside one another (and alongside legacy distro instance). Once you’re done with your legacy distro, you’re free to uninstall & reclaim disk space.
How do I move my homedir and settings (especially) from the legacy ubuntu to the Windows store one? Actually, I just want to move my .ssh. And also I would like to not chroot into the Ubuntu homedir, so I installed mintty with legacy Ubuntu. Can I still do that or something similar?
Thanks. I’ve literally bought my first Windows PC just to run WSL. I’ve been a Linux user for 20 years but never really saw what to do with Windows. Before now that is.
I suggest you create a tarball of your home folder contents that you want to keep. Copy the tarball to somewhere on your Windows filesystem (e.g. /mnt/c/temp/) and then copy it into your new distro and untar.
Welcome to Windows … the party’s just getting started 😀
When I messed up my distro (quite frequently) and want to reset it. Currently I just do `lxrun /uninstall /full /y ; lxrun /install`
what will be the easy way to reinstall it via the store. Open the store, click uninstall, click install again?
Open the store app. Search for your favorite distro, hit install.
If you want to just nuke & reset an installed “store distro”, just run, for example, `Ubuntu /clean` (see `Ubuntu /?` for more).
Windows just keeps getting better and better. Seriously, I look forward to using it every day!
Glad you like it 🙂
It should have been placed in Operating Systems subsection.
Have the file change event issues been resolved? As a web developer the largest, most fundamental barrier I have to developing on windows is that all my Node toolchain depends on automatically detecting changes in files (to recompile etc). This previously didn’t work when I tried it in the developer programme.
Will we get free RHEL? If so, this would really be “get one OS, get other for free”.
Hey Rich, thanks for posting this.
A couple of things.
Firstly, I don’t mean to be a pedant, but it would be great if you double-check your usage of apostrophes, mainly you’ve written distro’s when you actually meant to write distros.
Now that that’s out of the way, I’ll get down to my actual question:
Where will the distro from the store be installed to? We have enterprise antivirus software and knowing where it’s being installed to would be helpful in multiple ways.
Also, your previous comment about being able to install the distro to a specific directory would be very helpful in this situation.
All in all, bringing Linux to Windows has been an incredible step forward, and I am personally very thankful to all those that have helped in making this a reality.
Old habits die hard. I’ll fix shortly.
The APPX that contains the distro itself is installed to a hidden, protected folder on your system drive. The distro is then expanded for each user into a hidden, protected, per-user, app-private data folder. Thus, if your AV supports Windows 10 and Windows 10 apps, it should support WSL better now than in the past.
Many thanks – we all appreciate the wonderful support of our community 🙂
Since you’ve not yet to comply after wastefully acknowledging the error at length, I more than second the motion in the following manner: As a cnsequence of abuse, “distros” should be fully written as ‘distributions’. I personally would hate to see more perm’s infiltrate Microsoft communities such as ‘stribs, dissyz, or (automotive-heavenLords forbid us) ‘dizzies’ also become frequent fixtures.
(N00b here) It is not clear to me. Will Gnome or another graphic interface be available in this environment ?
Is this available only on 64bit installations, like the initial WSL?
Yes. WSL depends on some x64 instructions at this time.
Thanks so much, Bash for Windows has been great so far. I’m using it straight from my Jetbrains IDEs.
Two questions: any word on this issue getting fixed?
And I’ve tried setting this up as a Visual Studio External Tool, but ‘C:\Windows\System32\bash.exe’ has the following error: “The command is not a valid executable.” Any ideas?
It’s on the backlog for consideration for our next release. We’ll update status if it makes the cut.
Re. VS: When running a 32-bit app (VS) that needs to invoke a 64-bit process (bash.exe), you’ll need to refer to it via the sysnative redirection folder: e.g.: `C:\Windows\sysnative\bash.exe`
I know that in past videos and blogs, the developers have stated that they are concentrating on getting the bash command line and apps working before considering GUI environments and software. Will this Store based addition solve that in a way that perhaps WSL cant.
Nope – we’ve still got our hands full supporting all the command-line scenarios. GUI support is a LOOONG way down our priority list.
X11 support is not problem as there are X clients for Windows. However, same thing cannot be done for Wayland.
Does Microsoft offer an X Server or do people need to go to a third party?
We do not offer an X Server, nor do we support X/GUI apps, desktops, etc. While we do nothing to prevent X/GUI apps from running atop WSL, we’re not spending any effort on fixing and/or supporting X/GUI apps – this is not a goal of WSL at this time.
How do I submit my own Linux distro to the store? I could not find any documentation on that.
You’ll need to partner with us to do so. It’s not a massive task, but it’s also non-trivial. Email richturn at you know where .com to discuss.
What about people running WSL on RS2 (Creators Update)? They can’t install the Store version of the distro. My understanding is that this means the non-Store distros cannot be deprecated… while there are still any copies of RS2 running…
Can you please clarify this?
WSL is a beta feature. I’ll remain as-is for Creators Update users for quite a while, but will be deprecated more quickly for Insiders & Fall Creators Update (FCU) users.
Do you mean that “what we have today, that isn’t installed from the store, and runs both on RS2 and RS3” will disappear, and be replaced by “something installed from the store, that will run only on RS3”? What will happen to existing installs on RS2? Nothing other than 1) they won’t be supported (it’s a beta anyway) 2) it will not be possible to update anymore?
Thanks for the update Rich,
The *nix subsystem, as I call it, has made win10 for me more usable.
than before (I am primarily a Linux user). Essentially all my code.
works fine under Linux and Windows for the most part; there are a.
few oddities here and there, e. g. lspci does not “behave” in the.
same way. But no worries, I am sure that core functionality will.
A while ago, I think you also wrote that other distributions may.
also work; e. g. that the subsystem is not specific to ubuntu.
or anything else. I think you mentioned Fedora and OpenSuse.
I wonder if other, smaller distributions could also work. In theory.
they should be very, very similar. Most of the time the only.
difference is the package-manager – the rest, well, it stays the.
same. Coreutils be coreutils, grep, sed, awk – all be the same.
between different linux distributions.
I guess it will take a while before e. g. Fedora and OpenSuse.
are available, and I think that with limited resources, you guys.
do not want to spend too much time into smaller distributions,
which I can understand. But do you think that the general system.
could allow for people to also use different distribution variants.
eventually? I am thinking of Slackware, GoboLinux or NixOS here.
mostly. The awkward thing is that … if these actually work on.
Windows (the *nix subsystem), then people would not even have to.
dual-boot really. Almost everything could work just fine for.
them; xming works quite well. I got gvim, geany, gedit to work.
so far… still working on kde konsole, the input freezes but.
I guess this is some other problem, dbus-related, so not.
related to win10 at all.
PS: By the way great idea for the FAQ! Helps to keep information.
updated even lateron. 🙂
Hey Mark. Thanks for your kind words 🙂
WSL’s kernel syscalls don’t know or care what binary is being run, much less which distro! The infrastructure knows what a package is, but doesn’t know or care which distro they contain. Essentially this means that WSL should be able to run any user-mode distro package. To get said packages into the store, vendors will have to work with us in partnership (there is some paperwork etc. involved)
Fedora, openSUSE and SLES are VERY close to availability in the store.
Note that X/GUI apps are not supported. We don’t do anything to prevent them running; we’re just not spending time & effort making them run well. If they work for you, great! 🙂 If not, please file issues, but don’t expect rapid fixes 😉
When you say “the current/legacy distro will be deprecated at some point”, you are referring to the current bash on Windows stuff, correct? I think you should be very clear as to what is going to become deprecated. Thanks!
Yes, the current Ubuntu distro that you install when you first run Bash.exe or via `lxrun /install` in Windows 10 Anniversary or Creators Update. We’ll be much more specific in our docs: https://msdn.microsoft.com/commandline/wsl.
How might I call the Ubuntu executable through the command line, so I may use it on a program such as “Cmder” or “ConEmu”, such as “%windir%\system32\bash.exe.
Ah! Right; thank you!
Hi Rich, Still loving WSL on AU, looking forward to CU reaching me.
You mention in Q3 that different distros will be launched by typing their name at the prompt or via the Run command. Does this follow to launching from a directory in Windows Explorer? That is, currently bash can be opened at a directory already open in Explorer by typing “bash” in the address bar, this is a feature I use quite a bit as I like to mix how I navigate to directories depending on how I am already working at a given point in time, to reduce the context switch I guess – will this still work by typing “ubuntu” or “fedora” instead?
Thanks. And thanks for keeping us updated and providing great community information and contact on this project, in this regard I find it one of Microsoft’s best!
Thanks for your kind words. Glad all the hard work is making a difference for our community & users 🙂
Unfortunately, this doesn’t install cleanly for me. I get the following error : https://www.screencast.com/t/L2PKtDK2YfI2 .
“Installing, this may take a few minutes…
Press any key to continue…”
Do you have Insider build > 16215 installed?
Have you got the WSL feature enabled?
It’s likely you’re missing one of the above. We’re working with our distro’ partners to add additional error checking to their distro packages.
is it only for window 10 only ?
Yes, Windows 10 Insider builds > 16215 are required.
I can’t get the Ubuntu. It keeps saying I don’t have x64 which is a load of ****. My system screen has no problem informing me I have x64 and 12 GB of Ram on an i7-6500 (laptop) CPU. I’ll try again in a week, maybe it’ll work by then.
Could you please run the following two commands from Cmd/PowerShell and paste the results into a reply comment?
wmic OS get OSArchitecture.
wmic cpu get caption.
Unable to open graphical application like gedit, mathematica, matlab , even through ssh.
We don’t support X/GUI apps in WSL, but you MAY get lucky with some apps. You’ll need to run an XServer in Windows. There are examples of how to do this: http://tinyurl.com/yaxgszf8.
Installing, this may take a few minutes…
Press any key to continue…
Please make sure you’re running the appropriate Windows Insider build, and that you’ve enabled the WSL optional component. We’re adding additional error checking to the launcher to catch these situations and provide more helpful error messages at runtime.
Could you provide a version portable way to run the ubuntu shell as a standalone program?
With the legacy LFW, we could do.
But now that’d require something of the sort of either directly executing.
Which doesn’t work or running as a wrapper with cmd.
Other than this, awesome as always, been using it instead of a VM since the first beta.
For a number of reasons, Store delivered apps cannot be invoked by directly executing their executables.
If you want to execute a distro via the command-line, you can do so via the per-distro “execution-alias”. For Ubuntu, this is “Ubuntu”. For openSUSE, it’s “openSUSE-42”, etc.
Alternatively, you can launch your “default distro” via “bash.exe” or “wsl.exe”, and you can enumerate and configure your default distro using “wslconfig”.
I’ll be blogging more about this very shortly.
Another “silly” question. The legacy LFW shell had an icon for the console, under %userprofile\AppData\Local\lxss. Could we get a distro specific icon for the new shells?
Yes, each distro will have its own start-menu tile icons and there’s a fix bubbling up through our build system to make Console display the appropriate distro icon. Should hit Insider builds in the next couple of weeks.
Can we expect Kali distro?
If you’d like this, please ask the Kali maintainers to reach out to me and we’ll get discussions started! 🙂
Kali is rolling-release derivative of Debian focused for penetration testing.
How is Ubuntu invoked, i.e., on system level, not using the Start Menu icon?
Whether you invoke a distro by clicking the tile or executing the command-line “execution alias” (e.g. “Ubuntu”), the distro’s launcher app is executed which takes care of launching a new instance or attaching to an existing instance is already open.
Thanks! it looks very promising!
I just started using the app, but couldn’t find an option to copy & paste lines from outside the shell into the shell (like URLs, for example)?
otherwise, it makes it pretty hard to work with git…
“Add copy & paste via the keyboard” didn’t make the schedule for Fall Creators Update, but it’s on our roadmap. In the meantime, you can paste text into the Bash Console by right clicking your mouse/trackpad.
Do you plan unified service management (managing systemd services on an svchost instance)? This will make service management considerably easier on WSL-enabled computers.
Currently systemd does not start on an LX Instance startup. WSL uses a custom and minimalistic init binary that sets up communications to the Windows Console through the LxBus (see blogpost). In the future, as more and more necessary kernel surface is added, that init daemon may be rewritten as a systemd service specifically for communicating and interoperability with Windows through the LxBus (see the video on the blogpost about interoperability and the bus). At that point, this might be a good request to make, but we’re not there yet on systemd, so right now you’ll have to roll your own initscripts for the daemons you want to run.
Hey, I was wondering if you could tell me how to replace bash.exe with ubuntu.exe when running the integrated shell in VSCode. I can’t seem to get it to work.
Funny you should ask … In this tweet, I showed how to setup VS Code to run Suse. Same thing for Ubuntu: https://twitter.com/richturn_ms/status/888568715431731200.
Rich, where is the filesystem for the Ubuntu app? I see the C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\CanonicalGroupLimited.UbuntuonWindows_1604* but wonder which Windows directory the Linux “/” resides under.
You don’t want to know. Pretend its not there. Seriously. Avoid spelunking into these files. There be dragons!! There’s nothing “Special” in there from a content/file-list perspective – it’s just a distro userland. But interacting with these files may result in disaster: https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/commandline/2016/11/17/do-not-change-linux-files-using-windows-apps-and-tools.
That’s fine, I was familiar with %localappdata%/lxss and its pitfalls. Was just curious; it could probably be trivially be found by issuing “dd if=/dev/zero …” from WSL and then looking for a really big file from Windows.
Files can always be found, but one should assume that they’re inaccessible.
i.e. it seems with the released Ubuntu app, “lxss” isn’t used anymore, it seems to be in some other directory.
The `lxss` tool is still there for now but is deprecated and will be removed in a future release.
The new installation process appears to install the distro to the Program Files\WindowsApps folder, which, to my EXTREME frustration, is locked down super hard to keep users from accessing or modifying anything in it (for which I have some choice words for Microsoft). By my experience, at least, changing the folder’s permissions to allow access to modify files causes the entire UWP subsystem to permanently break. Is the distro filesystem installed here, or just the entry point? If the filesystem is stored there, then how does one modify it from outside the WSL environment?
There are VERY good reasons for locking-down access to this folder. Changing permissions on these folders may result in your machine being unable to run Store apps. No, the distro filesystem is not installed in this folder – this is where we lay down the bits contained within an APPX, which are shared by all users on a machine.
As I keep repeating – DO NOT modify the contents of your Linux filesystem using Windows apps and tools – if you do, severe Linux file data loss and/or corruption is likely.
I was unable to test this in the previous insider build since the store distros were kinda broken and wouldn’t run at all (necessitating using the deprecated lxrun /install method to get it going), but in today’s build everything seems to work peachy. I was also able to verify today the location of store-installed WSL filesystems.
I will say it seems like supporting bidirectional access ought to be a supported usage scenario. I mean, yeah, I totally get that there are pretty vast differences between the physical and logical filesystems that makes it rather delicate, but bidirectional access would be pretty useful nonetheless and it seems like a natural thing that users might want.
Meanwhile, as for WindowsApps… I’m sure Microsoft believes there are excellent reasons for locking down store apps’ data files, but for those of us who appreciate the freedom Windows has traditionally given users to access, read, modify, etc. their application files, as well as those of us who appreciated the freedom of being able to do what we wanted with our own PCs and the files on them, that justification is simply not acceptable, full stop. Power users who are willing to accept whatever risks may come with having write access (to their own files!) *should* have the option to do so, no exceptions. It does makes sense in context though; taking freedoms and control away from the user is the Windows 10 way. …maybe that’s putting it too harshly, but I can’t really help it; this is a subject I feel incredibly strongly about.
At any rate, thanks for the reply, and for putting up with my angry-uncle knee-jerk verbal flailing. Despite my continuing intense frustration at how poorly Windows 10 has treated power users, there’s so many other things that I DO love about it, and that just makes things even more frustrating — I could just go back to Windows 7 like my friends, but then I’d be missing out on some of the actually really cool stuff. All that said, I am actually happy that there’s at least one place within the Microsoft talking space where someone might actually reply to you, and it doesn’t feel like you’re just pitching words into the void.
Thanks for sharing your thoughts here Ash. Glad your store distros are up & running now. Yes, we are continuing to work on improving filesystem interop, but it’s a lot more complicated than I can explain in a comment reply. Once we’ve completed the work, I’ll arrange a recorded interview with the engineers to explain more about what was required to improve filesystem interop.
I understand your frustration re. access to your apps’ data, but understand that we’re not building an OS to only keep the relatively small Power User audience happy. We also need to make sure that we provide safety, security, and protection for non-technical users, kids, families, grade-school students, and people working in businesses for whom PC’s, and the software they run, are a tool, not the product itself.
At the end of the day, as a Power User, you can get at pretty much any and all parts of your machine & OS, but then again, you wouldn’t thank us if we didn’t continue to try to shield you and your data from malicious third parties. It’s a trade-off and we believe that giving up a small amount of control for massive improvements in safety and security is a small price to pay.
I can respect the sentiment, but that’s undermined by the fact that there’s an opportunity to provide an opt-out, and that route hasn’t been taken. It’s the iron-fist forced compliance that I take major issue with. I’m totally fine with locking down the system *by default*, so long as there’s a documented way for those who know what they’re doing to bypass it, even if the mechanism for doing so is somewhat obtuse. Otherwise, it’s just another case of Microsoft saying we can’t be trusted with our own PCs, no matter how experienced we are — which is, frankly, more than a little insulting — and forcing us to accept the sacrifice of freedom for security, and we all know how the famous saying on that subject goes =)
At any rate, I shouldn’t really be ranting about this here — it’s not the correct venue for a discussion on the subject (this is supposed to be about commandline stuff, for which I don’t really have any complaints!), and was based on an incorrect assumption of mine in the first place, so I’m ultimately bothering you for no good reason. Thanks for engaging me though. I am glad to hear that filesystem interop is something you guys are still looking into, and will be interested to hear more about it when there’s more to tell. I’m really genuinely loving WSL overall so far, and looking forward to future developments!
I currently have Windows 10 Pro Version 1703 (SO Compilation 15063.483). When I’m trying to install Ubuntu from the store I got the “GET” button disabled due to the version of the OS. I’ve been using BASH but it seems that it will be deprecated and I’m going crazy trying to ugrade Windows 10 version to the one that is current. I enabled Windows Insider and Linux Feature but I only can start ubuntu from the “bash” button, not from the store.
Thanks for any help you can give me!
Please read the opening paragraph from this post: You need to be running Windows Insider build >= 16215, or wait until FCU ships this fall.
Hey i have WIndows Creators Update version 1703. but the Get button for ubuntu windows store is disabled. I checked requirements it says Windows version 16215 or higher. Please tell whats the problem.
You’re running Creators Update – version 1703, build number 15063.
Windows 10 Insider build 16215 is later than 15063, which is why you cannot download distros from the store. To do so, either install Windows 10 Insider build >= 16215, or wait for the Fall Creators Update to ship in a few months.
Well i have solved it with the console bash install.
……..buh tried debugging example projects.
illegal characters in path.
what does that mean?, i will solve it by my self.
Whatever you’re doing, looks like you have illegal characters in your path.
Using Ubuntu WSL can I run Python scripts and leverage CUDA?
Not yet. CUDA/OpenCL remains the most popular ask on our UserVoice (https://wpdev.uservoice.com/forums/266908-command-prompt-console-bash-on-ubuntu-on-windo/filters/top) and we’re keen to get around to building this increasingly important feature. Bear with us 🙂
Hi, In my windows store, the Get button on Ubuntu (Canonical Group Ltd) is disabled. Is there an issue with the app in the store or is this an issue on my laptop setup ? Thanks, Miten.
You won’t be able to download & install distro’s from the store unless your machine/OS meet the stated requirements.
Is it possible to install multiple Ubuntu versions from the store and can i “name” them? For example for a dedicated mysql server?
No. Canonical have chosen to publish Ubuntu and keep it up to date. One can only install one instance of each store app. If you want multiple Ubuntu instances with semi/fully independent configurations, we encourage you to use containers.
For those running hyper.is as default term client, should change some config:
// the shell to run when spawning a new session (i.e. /usr/local/bin/fish)
// if left empty, your system’s login shell will be used by default.
// make sure to use a full path if the binary name doesn’t work.
// (e.g `C:\\Windows\\System32\\bash.exe` instead of just `bash.exe`)
// if you’re using powershell, make sure to remove the `–login` below.
// for setting shell arguments (i.e. for using interactive shellArgs: [‘-i’])
What is the install location of this new Ubuntu?
Why do you hide them? At least make /home directory visible and accessible.
And this feature is mainly targeted to developers. And Developers know very well how to use Linux subsystem. There is no need to hide them.
Distro’s are now installed using practically the same mechanism as any other store delivered app. Windows enforces a number of barriers to prevent malicious or accidental corruption and/or damage to user data and/or existing apps. While your guess at where your distro’s are expanded to was correct, we strongly discourage spelunking into these folders to prevent data loss and/or corruption as explained here: https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/commandline/2016/11/17/do-not-change-linux-files-using-windows-apps-and-tools/
Why there is no direct link for downloading apps?
And is there i386 version only?
Because the Windows store has a “search” feature.
[N00b] Hello, where are the folders that I’ve created using this tool? I´ve installed nvm in a “clean install” in a machine without node, then I´ve installed the node and truffle. But, where are the folders? I´ve created a folder named Folder, for example, using mkdir.
If you created your “Folder” in your Linux filesystem’s home folder (
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Serwis i Naprawa Ultrabooków.
Sprawdzony serwis ultrabook Częstochowa, fachowe doradztwo i szybka naprawa. Specjalizujemy się w ultrabookach Asus Lenovo Sony Vaio Apple Acer Mac Samsung Dell. Zapewniamy bezpłatną diagnozę ultrabooka.
Serwis i Naprawa komputerów.
Nasz serwis rozwiązuje również problemy z komputerem PC, posiadamy doświadczenie w naprawie komputerów stacjonarnych. Naprawa odbywa się w Częstochowie w 24h, dzwonimy podając całkowite koszty naprawy.
Laptop do domu.
Laptopy do podstawowych zastosowań domowych / laptop do domu – dziś kilka słów poświęcimy najczęstszemu sposobowi użytkowania laptopów, czyli typowym zastosowaniom domowym. Korzystając z laptopa w celach prywatnych zwykle ograniczamy się do takich czynności, jak: przeglądanie sieci, korespondencja mailowa, korzystanie z prostych programów biurowych (Word, Exel, programy do plików w formacie PDF), oglądanie zdjęć i filmów, czy granie w proste gry.
Szkło hartowane na telefon – skuteczna ochrona ekranu smartfona.
Kupujesz swój wymarzony telefon za sporą kwotę pieniędzy, użytkujesz go przez miesiąc lub dwa, jesteś mega zadowolony z nowego nabytku. Niestety w pewnym momencie przychodzi nieszczęśliwy zbieg okoliczności, dochodzi do upadku i uszkodzenia ekranu telefonu, wymiana telefonu na inny nie wchodzi w grę – niestety gwarancja tego nie obejmuje. Jesteś stratny podwójnie i wściekły na siebie, że nie zadbałeś lepiej o swój telefon.
Jak wybrać dobry serwis komputerów.
W poszukiwaniu specjalisty od naprawy komputerów.
Nawet, jeśli będziemy bardzo dbać o swój komputer, regularnie go czyścić i chronić przed wszelkimi wypadkami losowymi, niestety i tak przyjdzie moment, w którym ulegnie on awarii. Podobnie, jak wszystkie urządzenia elektroniczne, ma on ograniczoną żywotność i prędzej czy później się popsuje. Wówczas mamy do wyboru dwie opcje.
Laptopy klasy biznes.
Laptop dla biznesu – szukając laptopa do codziennego użytku, zwykle przyglądamy się modelom tzw. uniwersalnym, nadającym się do różnych zastosowań i w przystępnej cenie. Podczas użytkowania takiego sprzętu często zdarza nam się narzekać na jego działanie: choćby na szybkie przegrzewanie, czy stosunkowo niską wytrzymałość na niekorzystne warunki pracy. Tymczasem, jeśli zależy nam na tym, by nasz laptop był sprawny przez wiele lat i posiadał bardzo dobre parametry, a jednocześnie nie oczekujemy od niego wyszukanej stylistyki, powinniśmy rozważyć zakup laptopa biznesowego.
Program antywirusowy pod Windows 8.
Kupując komputer, zwykle chcemy wybrać jak najlepszy sprzęt (oczywiście spośród tych, na które nas stać). Kiedy go już mamy, staramy się aktualizować oprogramowanie do najnowszych wersji, by zapewnić jego sprawne działanie i wygodne użytkowanie. Często jednak zapominamy, że wystarczy jeden niewinny z pozoru wirus, by wszystko popsuć. Zawirusowany komputer zwykle chodzi wolniej, jednak dużo poważniejszymi konsekwencjami są wyciek danych osobowych, czy przechowywanych na komputerze plików i umożliwienie hakerom przejęcie danych naszego konta bankowego (jeśli logujemy się do niego przez Internet lub dokonujemy zakupów internetowych).
Wybór konsoli – czy specyfikacja techniczna ma znaczenie?
Konsole stały się nieodłącznym elementem życia wielu miłośników gier komputerowych, którzy często niecierpliwie czekają nie tylko na premiery nowych gier, ale również na nowe modele tego sprzętu. W segmencie tych urządzeń już od lat mamy do czynienia z rywalizacją dwóch czołowych producentów: Microsoftu z jego Xbox-ami i Sony z Playstation.
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